careers-lead-image

Careers

At Amazon, we believe that scientific innovation is essential to being the most customer-centric company in the world. Our scientists' ability to have an impact at scale allows us to attract some of the brightest minds across diverse fields including artificial intelligence, robotics, computer vision, economics, and sustainability. Join us in pioneering solutions to complex challenges that not only delight our customers but also help define the future of technology.
  • The program is designed for academics from universities around the globe who want to work on large-scale technical challenges while continuing to teach and conduct research at their universities.
  • The program offers recent PhD graduates an opportunity to advance research while working alongside experienced scientists with backgrounds in industry and academia.
  • Our internship roles span research areas to provide hands-on experience working alongside world-class scientists and engineers to advance the state of the art in your field.
528 results found
  • US, WA, Seattle
    Job ID: 3172263
    (Updated 17 days ago)
    Amazon Prime is looking for an ambitious Economist to help create econometric insights for world-wide Prime. Prime is Amazon's premiere membership program, with over 200M members world-wide. This role is at the center of many major company decisions that impact Amazon's customers. These decisions span a variety of industries, each reflecting the diversity of Prime benefits. These range from fast-free e-commerce shipping, digital content (e.g., exclusive streaming video, music, gaming, photos), reading, healthcare, and grocery offerings. Prime Science creates insights that power these decisions. As an economist in this role, you will create statistical tools that embed causal interpretations. You will utilize massive data, state-of-the-art scientific computing, econometrics (causal, counterfactual/structural, experimentation), and machine-learning, to do so. Some of the science you create will be publishable in internal or external scientific journals and conferences. You will work closely with a team of economists, applied scientists, data professionals (business analysts, business intelligence engineers), product managers, and software/data engineers. You will create insights from descriptive statistics, as well as from novel statistical and econometric models. You will create internal-to-Amazon-facing automated scientific data products to power company decisions. You will write strategic documents explaining how senior company leaders should utilize these insights to create sustainable value for customers. These leaders will often include the senior-most leaders at Amazon. The team is unique in its exposure to company-wide strategies as well as senior leadership. It operates at the research frontier of utilizing data, econometrics, artificial intelligence, and machine-learning to form business strategies. A successful candidate will have demonstrated a capacity for building, estimating, and defending statistical models (e.g., causal, counterfactual, machine-learning) using software such as R, Python, or STATA. They will have a willingness to learn and apply a broad set of statistical and computational techniques to supplement deep training in one area of econometrics. For example, many applications on the team motivate the use of structural econometrics and machine-learning. They rely on building scalable production software, which involves a broad set of world-class software-building skills often learned on-the-job. As a consequence, already-obtained knowledge of SQL, machine learning, and large-scale scientific computing using distributed computing infrastructures such as Spark-Scala or PySpark would be a plus. Additionally, this candidate will show a track-record of delivering projects well and on-time, preferably in collaboration with other team members (e.g. co-authors). Candidates must have very strong writing and emotional intelligence skills (for collaborative teamwork, often with colleagues in different functional roles), a growth mindset, and a capacity for dealing with a high-level of ambiguity. Endowed with these traits and on-the-job-growth, the role will provide the opportunity to have a large strategic, world-wide impact on the customer experiences of Prime members.
  • (Updated 1 days ago)
    Customer Experience and Business Trends (CXBT) is looking for an Applied Scientist to join its team. CXBT's mission is to create best-in-class AI agents that seamlessly integrate multimodal inputs, enabling natural, empathetic, and adaptive interactions. We leverage advanced architectures, cross-modal learning, interpretability, and responsible AI techniques to provide coherent, context-aware responses augmented by real-time knowledge retrieval. As part of CXBT, we have a vision to revolutionize how we understand, test, and optimize customer experiences at scale. Where traditional testing approaches fall short, we create AI-powered solutions that enable rapid experimentation, de-risk product launches, and generate actionable insights, -all before a single real customer is impacted. Be a part of our agentic initiative and shape how Amazon leverages artificial intelligence to run tests at scale and improve customer experiences. As an Applied Scientist, you will research state-of-the-art techniques in agent-based modeling, and lead scientific innovation by building foundational agentic simulation capabilities. If you are passionate about the intersection of AI and human behavior modeling, and want to fundamentally influence how Amazon tests and improves customer experiences, this role offers a great opportunity to make your mark. Key job responsibilities - Design and implement frameworks for creating representative, diverse agents that faithfully capture real-world characteristics - Use state-of-the-art techniques in user modeling and behavioral simulation to build robust agentic frameworks - Develop data simulation approaches that mimic real-world speech interactions. - Research and implement novel algorithms and modeling techniques. - Acquire and curate diverse datasets while ensuring user privacy. - Create robust evaluation metrics and test sets to assess language model performance. - Innovate in data representation and model training techniques. - Apply responsible AI practices throughout the development process. - Write clear, scientific documentation describing methodologies, solutions, and design choices. A day in the life Our team is dedicated to improving Amazon's products and services through evaluation of the end-to-end customer experience using both internal and external processes and technology. Our mission is to deeply understand our customers' experiences, challenge the status quo, and provide insights that drive innovation to improve that experience. Through our analysis and insights, we inform business decisions that directly impact customer experience as customers of new GenAI and LLM technologies. About the team Customer Experience and Business Trends (CXBT) is an organization made up of a diverse suite of functions dedicated to deeply understanding and improving customer experience, globally. We are a team of builders that develop products, services, ideas, and various ways of leveraging data to influence product and service offerings – for almost every business at Amazon – for every customer (e.g., consumers, developers, sellers/brands, employees, investors, streamers, gamers).
  • (Updated 9 days ago)
    This is currently a 12 month temporary contract opportunity with the possibility to extend to 24 months based on business needs. The Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) team is seeking a dedicated, skilled, and innovative Applied Scientist with a robust background in machine learning, statistics, quality assurance, auditing methodologies, and automated evaluation systems to ensure the highest standards of data quality, to build industry-leading technology with Large Language Models (LLMs) and multimodal systems. Key job responsibilities As part of the AGI team, an Applied Scientist will collaborate closely with core scientist team developing Amazon Nova models. They will lead the development of comprehensive quality strategies and auditing frameworks that safeguard the integrity of data collection workflows. This includes designing auditing strategies with detailed SOPs, quality metrics, and sampling methodologies that help Nova improve performances on benchmarks. The Applied Scientist will perform expert-level manual audits, conduct meta-audits to evaluate auditor performance, and provide targeted coaching to uplift overall quality capabilities. A critical aspect of this role involves developing and maintaining LLM-as-a-Judge systems, including designing judge architectures, creating evaluation rubrics, and building machine learning models for automated quality assessment. The Applied Scientist will also set up the configuration of data collection workflows and communicate quality feedback to stakeholders. An Applied Scientist will also have a direct impact on enhancing customer experiences through high-quality training and evaluation data that powers state-of-the-art LLM products and services. A day in the life An Applied Scientist with the AGI team will support quality solution design, conduct root cause analysis on data quality issues, research new auditing methodologies, and find innovative ways of optimizing data quality while setting examples for the team on quality assurance best practices and standards. Besides theoretical analysis and quality framework development, an Applied Scientist will also work closely with talented engineers, domain experts, and vendor teams to put quality strategies and automated judging systems into practice.
  • (Updated 9 days ago)
    This is currently a 12 month temporary contract opportunity with the possibility to extend to 24 months based on business needs. The Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) team is seeking a dedicated, skilled, and innovative Applied Scientist with a robust background in machine learning, statistics, quality assurance, auditing methodologies, and automated evaluation systems to ensure the highest standards of data quality, to build industry-leading technology with Large Language Models (LLMs) and multimodal systems. Key job responsibilities As part of the AGI team, an Applied Scientist will collaborate closely with core scientist team developing Amazon Nova models. They will lead the development of comprehensive quality strategies and auditing frameworks that safeguard the integrity of data collection workflows. This includes designing auditing strategies with detailed SOPs, quality metrics, and sampling methodologies that help Nova improve performances on benchmarks. The Applied Scientist will perform expert-level manual audits, conduct meta-audits to evaluate auditor performance, and provide targeted coaching to uplift overall quality capabilities. A critical aspect of this role involves developing and maintaining LLM-as-a-Judge systems, including designing judge architectures, creating evaluation rubrics, and building machine learning models for automated quality assessment. The Applied Scientist will also set up the configuration of data collection workflows and communicate quality feedback to stakeholders. An Applied Scientist will also have a direct impact on enhancing customer experiences through high-quality training and evaluation data that powers state-of-the-art LLM products and services. A day in the life An Applied Scientist with the AGI team will support quality solution design, conduct root cause analysis on data quality issues, research new auditing methodologies, and find innovative ways of optimizing data quality while setting examples for the team on quality assurance best practices and standards. Besides theoretical analysis and quality framework development, an Applied Scientist will also work closely with talented engineers, domain experts, and vendor teams to put quality strategies and automated judging systems into practice.
  • (Updated 8 days ago)
    Leo is Amazon’s low Earth orbit satellite broadband network. Its mission is to deliver fast, reliable internet to customers and communities around the world, and we’ve designed the system with the capacity, flexibility, and performance to serve a wide range of customers, from individual households to schools, hospitals, businesses, government agencies, and other organizations operating in locations without reliable connectivity. The Sr. Applied Scientist Pricing Optimization, Leo Global Pricing Strategy will have an outsized impact on the profitability of Amazon Leo directly through building the initial foundational models to enable the business to optimize our pricing and product feature strategies. You will be building a true "0 to 1" function, powering the science behind pricing decisions and driving science automation at a global scale. Export Control Requirement: Due to applicable export control laws and regulations, candidates must be a U.S. citizen or national, U.S. permanent resident (i.e., current Green Card holder), or lawfully admitted into the U.S. as a refugee or granted asylum. A day in the life You will design, develop, and deploy advanced machine‑learning models to predict customer‑level behavior (revenue, churn, usage, migration, product choice) and response to pricing changes. You will build robust models that capture the complexities of multi‑product bundling interactions in a subscription business model and regional nuances in supply/demand and consumer choice alternative choices. You will implement scalable inference systems, will monitor model performance, and will automate retraining. Collaboration with cross‑functional teams will be critical to ensure that technical solutions will align with business objectives and actionable strategies. Establishing mechanisms to stay up to date on latest scientific advancements in machine learning, neural networks, natural language processing, probabilistic forecasting, and multi-objective optimization techniques will be critical.
  • (Updated 18 days ago)
    Amazon Industrial Robotics (AIR) is seeking exceptional talent to help develop the next generation of advanced robotics systems that will transform automation at Amazon's scale. We're building revolutionary robotic systems that combine cutting-edge AI, sophisticated control systems, and advanced mechanical design to create adaptable automation solutions capable of working safely alongside humans in dynamic environments. This is a unique opportunity to shape the future of robotics and automation at an unprecedented scale, working with world-class teams pushing the boundaries of what's possible in robotic dexterous manipulation, locomotion, and human-robot interaction. This role presents an opportunity to shape the future of robotics through innovative applications of the latest software and AI tools for robots. We are seeking an expert to lead the development of our SLAM and Spatial AI module. In this role, you will create methods that will enable our robot to perceive the environment and navigate with unrivaled vision and fidelity. The system will combine an array of diverse sensors with simultaneous localization and mapping software that continuously updates the map in real-time automatically. It will have the capability to ‘see’ and identify different objects, people, vehicles, and places as it moves and react to moving people and vehicles in an intelligent way. The system combines a mix of high-performance sensors with simultaneous localization and mapping software that builds and continuously updates maps in real-time, completely automatically. It has the capability to ‘see’ and identify different objects, people, vehicles, and places as it moves and react to moving people and vehicles in an intelligent way. Key job responsibilities - Analyze, design, develop, and test existing and new perception capabilities using cameras and LIDAR sensor inputs for obstacle detection and semantic understanding. - Research, design, implement and evaluate scientific approaches to a variety of autonomy challenges.. - Create experiments and prototype implementations of new perception algorithms. - Deliver high quality production level code (C++ or Python) and support systems in production. - Collaborate with other functional teams in a robotics organization. - Collaborate closely with hardware engineering team members on developing systems from prototyping to production level. - Represent Amazon in academia community through publications and scientific presentations. - Work with stakeholders across hardware, science, and operations teams to iterate on systems design and implementation.
  • (Updated 16 days ago)
    The Amazon Center for Quantum Computing (CQC) is a multi-disciplinary team of scientists, engineers, and technicians, on a mission to develop a fault-tolerant quantum computer. We are looking for a Last Mile Integration Engineer to ensure the successful deployment and integration of instruments and computing infrastructure in our quantum computing labs. As a part of the Signals team, you will serve as the critical link between hardware/software development and operational readiness, ensuring that our scientists have reliable, well-configured systems to conduct experiments. The ideal candidate combines hands-on hardware skills with software proficiency and IT/networking knowledge to deploy, configure, troubleshoot, and maintain complex laboratory systems. Key job responsibilities Own end-to-end integration of RF test systems including spectrum analyzers, signal generators, network analyzers, oscilloscopes, DMMs, and power meters Design, develop, and maintain automation scripts and frameworks leveraging industry-standard protocols (SCPI, VISA, GPIB, LXI, USB-TMC) Drive root cause analysis for system-level integration failures spanning hardware and software; implement corrective actions and document findings for future reference Partner with hardware, software, and operations engineering teams to identify and resolve blocking issues in test infrastructure Define and implement lab infrastructure management processes including inventory tracking, equipment lifecycle management, and spare parts optimization Lead calibration activities, measurement validation, and continuous improvement of test automation capabilities Establish remote debugging capabilities and participate in on-call rotation to ensure operational readiness Champion lab safety standards and ensure compliance with ESD, RF exposure, and high-voltage protocols A day in the life You will collaborate daily with cross-functional engineering teams—including hardware, software, and operations—to drive hands-on integration and troubleshooting in a fast-paced lab environment. This role requires a bias for action, the ability to operate independently under tight deadlines, and a proven track record of delivering results when the pressure is highest. The Signals develops and deploys hardware used in the control and readout of Amazon super-conducting quantum processors. We are a team with diverse talent set, spanning embedded software to cryogenic microwave design and device bring-up. About the team Why AWS? Amazon Web Services (AWS) is the world’s most comprehensive and broadly adopted cloud platform. We pioneered cloud computing and never stopped innovating — that’s why customers from the most successful startups to Global 500 companies trust our robust suite of products and services to power their businesses. AWS Utility Computing (UC) provides product innovations — from foundational services such as Amazon’s Simple Storage Service (S3) and Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2), to consistently released new product innovations that continue to set AWS’s services and features apart in the industry. As a member of the UC organization, you’ll support the development and management of Compute, Database, Storage, Internet of Things (Iot), Platform, and Productivity Apps services in AWS. Within AWS UC, Amazon Dedicated Cloud (ADC) roles engage with AWS customers who require specialized security solutions for their cloud services. Inclusive Team Culture AWS values curiosity and connection. Our employee-led and company-sponsored affinity groups promote inclusion and empower our people to take pride in what makes us unique. Our inclusion events foster stronger, more collaborative teams. Our continual innovation is fueled by the bold ideas, fresh perspectives, and passionate voices our teams bring to everything we do. Diverse Experiences AWS values diverse experiences. Even if you do not meet all of the qualifications and skills listed in the job description, we encourage candidates to apply. If your career is just starting, hasn’t followed a traditional path, or includes alternative experiences, don’t let it stop you from applying. Mentorship & Career Growth We’re continuously raising our performance bar as we strive to become Earth’s Best Employer. That’s why you’ll find endless knowledge-sharing, mentorship and other career-advancing resources here to help you develop into a better-rounded professional. Work/Life Balance We value work-life harmony. Achieving success at work should never come at the expense of sacrifices at home, which is why we strive for flexibility as part of our working culture. When we feel supported in the workplace and at home, there’s nothing we can’t achieve in the cloud. Export Control Requirement: Due to applicable export control laws and regulations, candidates must be either a U.S. citizen or national, U.S. permanent resident (i.e., current Green Card holder), or lawfully admitted into the U.S. as a refugee or granted asylum, or be able to obtain a US export license. If you are unsure if you meet these requirements, please apply and Amazon will review your application for eligibility. Internal job description
  • (Updated 23 days ago)
    The Sponsored Products and Brands (SPB) team at Amazon Ads is re-imagining the advertising landscape through state-of-the-art generative AI technologies, revolutionizing how millions of customers discover products and engage with brands across Amazon.com and beyond. We are at the forefront of re-inventing advertising experiences, bridging human creativity with artificial intelligence to transform every aspect of the advertising lifecycle from ad creation and optimization to performance analysis and customer insights. We are a passionate group of innovators dedicated to developing responsible and intelligent AI technologies that balance the needs of advertisers, enhance the shopping experience, and strengthen the marketplace. If you're energized by solving complex challenges and pushing the boundaries of what's possible with AI, join us in shaping the future of advertising. The Off-Search team within Sponsored Products and Brands (SPB) is focused on building delightful ad experiences across various surfaces beyond Search on Amazon—such as product detail pages, the homepage, and store-in-store pages—to drive monetization. Our vision is to deliver highly personalized, context-aware advertising that adapts to individual shopper preferences, scales across diverse page types, remains relevant to seasonal and event-driven moments, and integrates seamlessly with organic recommendations such as new arrivals, basket-building content, and fast-delivery options. To execute this vision, we work in close partnership with Amazon Stores stakeholders to lead the expansion and growth of advertising across Amazon-owned and -operated pages beyond Search. We operate full stack—from backend ads-retail edge services, ads retrieval, and ad auctions to shopper-facing experiences—all designed to deliver meaningful value. Curious about our advertising solutions? Discover more about Sponsored Products and Sponsored Brands to see how we’re helping businesses grow on Amazon.com and beyond! Key job responsibilities This role will be pivotal in redesigning how ads contribute to a personalized, relevant, and inspirational shopping experience, with the customer value proposition at the forefront. Key responsibilities include, but are not limited to: - Contribute to the design and development of GenAI, deep learning, multi-objective optimization and/or reinforcement learning empowered solutions to transform ad retrieval, auctions, whole-page relevance, and/or bespoke shopping experiences. - Collaborate cross-functionally with other scientists, engineers, and product managers to bring scalable, production-ready science solutions to life. - Stay abreast of industry trends in GenAI, LLMs, and related disciplines, bringing fresh and innovative concepts, ideas, and prototypes to the organization. - Contribute to the enhancement of team’s scientific and technical rigor by identifying and implementing best-in-class algorithms, methodologies, and infrastructure that enable rapid experimentation and scaling. - Mentor and grow junior scientists and engineers, cultivating a high-performing, collaborative, and intellectually curious team. A day in the life As an Applied Scientist on the Sponsored Products and Brands Off-Search team, you will contribute to the development in Generative AI (GenAI) and Large Language Models (LLMs) to revolutionize our advertising flow, backend optimization, and frontend shopping experiences. This is a rare opportunity to redefine how ads are retrieved, allocated, and/or experienced—elevating them into personalized, contextually aware, and inspiring components of the customer journey. You will have the opportunity to fundamentally transform areas such as ad retrieval, ad allocation, whole-page relevance, and differentiated recommendations through the lens of GenAI. By building novel generative models grounded in both Amazon’s rich data and the world’s collective knowledge, your work will shape how customers engage with ads, discover products, and make purchasing decisions. If you are passionate about applying frontier AI to real-world problems with massive scale and impact, this is your opportunity to define the next chapter of advertising science. About the team The Off-Search team within Sponsored Products and Brands (SPB) is focused on building delightful ad experiences across various surfaces beyond Search on Amazon—such as product detail pages, the homepage, and store-in-store pages—to drive monetization. Our vision is to deliver highly personalized, context-aware advertising that adapts to individual shopper preferences, scales across diverse page types, remains relevant to seasonal and event-driven moments, and integrates seamlessly with organic recommendations such as new arrivals, basket-building content, and fast-delivery options. To execute this vision, we work in close partnership with Amazon Stores stakeholders to lead the expansion and growth of advertising across Amazon-owned and -operated pages beyond Search. We operate full stack—from backend ads-retail edge services, ads retrieval, and ad auctions to shopper-facing experiences—all designed to deliver meaningful value. Curious about our advertising solutions? Discover more about Sponsored Products and Sponsored Brands to see how we’re helping businesses grow on Amazon.com and beyond!
  • US, CA, San Francisco
    Job ID: 3170645
    (Updated 16 days ago)
    The People eXperience and Technology Central Science (PXTCS) team uses economics, behavioral science, statistics, and machine learning to proactively identify mechanisms and process improvements which simultaneously improve Amazon and the lives, wellbeing, and the value of work to Amazonians. PXTCS is an interdisciplinary team that combines the talents of science and engineering to develop and deliver solutions that measurably achieve this goal. PXTCS is looking for an economist who can apply economic methods to address business problems. The ideal candidate will work with engineers and computer scientists to estimate models and algorithms on large scale data, design pilots and measure impact, and transform successful prototypes into improved policies and programs at scale. PXTCS is looking for creative thinkers who can combine a strong technical economic toolbox with a desire to learn from other disciplines, and who know how to execute and deliver on big ideas as part of an interdisciplinary technical team. Ideal candidates will work in a team setting with individuals from diverse disciplines and backgrounds. They will work with teammates to develop scientific models and conduct the data analysis, modeling, and experimentation that is necessary for estimating and validating models. They will work closely with engineering teams to develop scalable data resources to support rapid insights, and take successful models and findings into production as new products and services. They will be customer-centric and will communicate scientific approaches and findings to business leaders, listening to and incorporate their feedback, and delivering successful scientific solutions. A day in the life The Economist will work with teammates to apply economic methods to business problems. This might include identifying the appropriate research questions, writing code to implement a DID analysis or estimate a structural model, or writing and presenting a document with findings to business leaders. Our economists also collaborate with partner teams throughout the process, from understanding their challenges, to developing a research agenda that will address those challenges, to help them implement solutions. About the team PXTCS is a multidisciplinary science team that develops innovative solutions to make Amazon Earth's Best Employer
  • US, WA, Seattle
    Job ID: 3168599
    (Updated 8 days ago)
    MULTIPLE POSITIONS AVAILABLE Employer: AMAZON.COM SERVICES LLC Offered Position: Data Scientist III Job Location: Seattle, Washington Job Number: AMZ9674365 Position Responsibilities: Own the data science elements of various products to help with data-based decision making, product performance optimization, and product performance tracking. Work directly with product managers to help drive the design of the product. Work with Technical Product Managers to help drive the build planning. Translate business problems and products into data requirements and metrics. Initiate the design, development, and implementation of scientific analysis projects or deliverables. Own the analysis, modelling, system design, and development of data science solutions for products. Write documents and make presentations that explain model/analysis results to the business. Bridge the degree of uncertainty in both problem definition and data scientific solution approaches. Build consensus on data, metrics, and analysis to drive business and system strategy. Position Requirements: Master's degree or foreign equivalent degree in Statistics, Applied Mathematics, Economics, Engineering, Computer Science or a related field and two years of experience in the job offered or a related occupation. Employer will accept a Bachelor's degree or foreign equivalent degree in Statistics, Applied Mathematics, Economics, Engineering, Computer Science, or a related field and five years of progressive post-baccalaureate experience in the job offered or a related occupation as equivalent to the Master's degree and two years of experience. Must have one year of experience in the following skills: (1) building statistical models and machine learning models using large datasets from multiple resources; (2) building complex data analyses by leveraging scripting languages including Python, Java, or related scripting language; and (3) communicating with users, technical teams, and management to collect requirements, evaluate alternatives, and develop processes and tools to support the organization. Amazon.com is an Equal Opportunity-Affirmative Action Employer – Minority / Female / Disability / Veteran / Gender Identity / Sexual Orientation. 40 hours / week, 8:00am-5:00pm, Salary Range $162,752/year to $215,300/year. Amazon is a total compensation company. Dependent on the position offered, equity, sign-on payments, and other forms of compensation may be provided as part of a total compensation package, in addition to a full range of medical, financial, and/or other benefits. For more information, visit: https://www.aboutamazon.com/workplace/employee-benefits.#0000

Science at Amazon around the world

Amazon scientists are working on large-scale technical challenges in a variety of research areas across the globe. Use the pins below to learn more about the customer-obsessed science being conducted at some of our research locations.
world map in greyscale
Australia
South Australia, AU
City
New South Wales, AU
City
Canada
British Columbia
City
Ontario
City
China
Shanghai, CN
City
Beijing, CN
City
Germany
City City City
India
Hyderabad, IN
City
Bengaluru, IN
City
Israel
Luxembourg
City
United Kingdom
United States
California (Southern)
California (Northern)
San Francisco
Massachusetts
New York
Pennsylvania
City
Texas
City
Virginia
Washington
download (18).jpeg

Academia

Amazon collaborates with leading academic organizations to drive innovation and to ensure that research is creating solutions whose benefits are shared broadly across all sectors of society.